중등학교 소프트웨어 교육을 위한 피지컬 컴퓨팅 지게차 교구 개발

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to develop forklift that can be applied to physical computing training in information subject following the 2015 revised curriculum. By directly controlling forklifts, one of the means of transportation, students will be able to increase their interest in learning. The study was developed for Middle-High school students' educational use, followed by preparation, analysis, design and development, and field evaluation. In the preparation phase, relevant data were investigated and prior studies were analyzed to develop forklift vehicles. By analyzing collected data and prior studies, we confirm the learning and utilization of Arduino used in physical computing and its educational effectiveness through physical computing. Furthermore, we can learn text-based programming in Arduino sketches and block-based programming of app inventors for app development required for remote control, thus finding learning elements for basic-level coding and beyond. In the analysis phase, we understood the types, characteristics, methods and principles of Arduino. In addition, motor, sensor, LED, speaker connected to Arduino and other components for manufacturing forklift were tested individually to identify the characteristics, enabling the overall design for the development of educational tools. In the design and development phase, a circuit diagram was designed based on the results of identifying the characteristics between parts in the analytical phase, and a program on the control of each part was coded in an integrated development environment, Arduino Sketch and ported to Arduino. Next, we complete the forklift model by combining each part with the Arduino board and the parts printed out in 3D printing. Finally, a mobile app that can be controlled remotely was developed using the app Inventor 2, and the overall control status was checked by linking the forklift with the Arduino board to the mobile app. In the field evaluation stage, a survey and evaluation were conducted on specialized high school teachers, along with explanations of educational tools, to evaluate their applicability as educational tools.

The conclusions obtained from these studies are as follows. First, the design and implementation of a physical computing platform using Arduino and App Inventor helps students learn basic H/W and S/W related to control. Second, design and build interface boards, and developments such as using sketches and mobile apps are effective in increasing learners' interest in classes and developing logical and self-directed problem-solving capabilities. Third, through a survey of current high school teachers, forklift education tools may interact with learners through positive evaluations of suitability, durability, versatility, economic feasibility, attractiveness, and ease of management at the educational site.