전기신호에 의한 수도관 동파 감지에 대한 연구

Abstract

The damages of the water plumbing system are usually caused by the freezing and material failure of pipe. The freezing of burst of pipe is generated by the extreme pressure of the iced water, while the volume of the pipe is reduced by ice-plug growth. Due to the rapid climate change on global warming, it gives serious damage to society and the economy such as cold wave, heavy snowfall, heavy rain, and drought, etc. No exception was in korea last winter, and it suffered a lot of damage to a record cold snap. Indirect damage caused by leaking is greater than the direct damage caused by pipe failure. It should detect the water pipes burst and repair plumbing problems to minimize the damage. In this paper, the method to detect the freezing and burst of the water pipe by an electric signal was proposed. When the aluminum film adhered to the pipe is broken by pipe failure, Freezing and burst was detected by measuring the change in resistance. Temperature of pipe surface was measured by an infrared thermometer. The effect on cold tolerance was investigated by measuring the temperature characteristics according to the diameter, the outer diameter of the pipe, and the material. Three factors such as diameter, thickness, and material that affect cold resistance's improvement was analyzed by an experimental result.

(1) 42mm(OD) pipe froze and burst after 1 hour 59 minutes and surface temperature of the pipe is -1.4℃. 48mm pipe was after 4 hours 53 minutes and surface temperature is -5℃. 60mm pipe was after 9 hours 44 minutes and surface temperature is -6.4℃. (2) 1.8mm(thickness) PVC pipe was unable to withstand the pressure and froze and burst. 3.6mm PVC pipe did not fracture even after 16 hours at -25℃. (3) Although copper pipe is thinner than the thickness and smaller than the diameter of PVC pipe, copper pipe endured a long period of time at a lower temperature. As the outer diameter of the pipe increases at the same thickness, the thickness of pipe increases at the same outer diameter, and when the material is copper rather than PVC, it can better withstand long time at low temperature and the cold resistance is improved.