누리과정 예술경험영역에서 놀이미술 적용 방안에 대한 연구

Abstract

About 80% of the intelligence of adult develop in early childhood before the age of 8. Therefore, early childhood education has taken an added importance these days, and many studies have been conducted vigorously with respect to early childhood education. Among them, the educational value and importance of the play, which makes up the largest proportion of the activities of young children in early childhood, has been highlighted through many preceding studies, and furthermore, the education measures have been researched which combine the play with the activities of various realms amid the change in the perception towards the play. Likewise, researches have been actively conducted for the play fine art that combines the play with fine art in the fine art realm. However, it is difficult to identify correct definition of the play fine art, and there has been a lack of research into the measures to stimulate the play fine art. Thus, the endeavor of this study lied in the followings, which was conducted through the reference to many literatures and preceding studies: First, this study looked into the 'play' and 'play fine art', and defined the 'play fine art' as the combination of the play and fine art with the contents adopted from fine art and the method involving the pattern of play, which puts the focus on the spontaneous activities per se of young children -- not the fine art that focuses on the manual expression -- and stimulates the five senses of young children naturally and involves much physical motion and movement without psychological strain or demand. Second, based on that, the types of the play fine art were classified into 26 categories, depending on the materials and method for the play. Moreover, the play was subdivided into the cognitive development type and social involvement type. Third, a Table was generated based on the classified types and patterns, and the fine art realm of Nuri Courses, which the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology(MEST) and Ministry of Health & Welfare(MHW) jointly developed and applied to the nurturing and education of the children aged between 3 and 5, were analyzed. The results of analysis showed that the play fine art was applicable to most activities of young children who were 3 years old. Although the effect diminished slightly among the young children aged between 4 and 5, it was found that the play fine art was applicable to most activities that came under the fine art realm. In relation to the classification based on the type, it was found that the proportion of the constructive play and alone-play -- which developed the most actively in such a way so as to fit the characteristics of young children in early childhood -- was high. However, other plays were also structured diversely, so that the children could gain the balanced experience. Fourth, the contents of the real teaching guidance books under the Nuri Courses were revised and refined to make the play fine art applicable, and in that way, the teaching-learning guidance was created and applied to real activities. The analysis was conducted by means of the questionnaire methodology for the teachers in charge in an attempt to obtain the results of the activities. The results suggested the followings: First, it was found that most children were interested in the class that combined the fine art play and spontaneously involved in the class. Second, the young children had the greatest pleasure from the activities that contained large proportion of play elements and concentrated in such activities. Third, it was found that the learning objectives were conveyed more effectively through the play fine art. Fourth, the young children experienced more amusement when they played in group than alone, which implies that the play fine art is effective in developing the social skill and the spirit of teamwork. This study is based on the findings from the classes held once a week for 12 young children aged 3, 14 young children aged 4, and 17 young children aged 5, respectively, which last 50 minutes each time, for 2 months from August to September. Thus, there is a limitation to the generalization of the results of this study. This researcher hopes that this study would help pave the way for many diverse high-quality succeeding studies and the change in the perception towards the play fine art.