인체조각에 있어서 미술해부학적 표현에 관한 연구

Abstract

A Study on Art Anatomical Expression in Human Body Sculpture

Kim Sung-ok Advisor : Professor Sang-ho Park Ph.D. Majored in Fine Arts Education Graduate School of Education, Chosun University

Human bodies have been represented internally and externally in various ways from prehistoric through Greek, Renaissance and modern to contemporary period. In realistic expressions, artists's efforts have played a great role in developing artistic anatomy. That they have sought to understand human bodies more specifically from external layer of skin was derived from their intention to pursue for accurate understanding on them as a foundation for artistic achievements rather than simple curiosity. Sculpture of human bodies needs more accuracy in realistic expression and sculptors come to be more aggressive in acquiring anatomical knowledge as human bodies are expressed in three-dimensional aspects unlike painting. It is thought that discussing anatomy in contemporary art of the 21st century may not be meaningful, but it is artists who should find identify of art and maintain academic spirit before unlucky things that art is expelled by a flood of trend like a fashion and wanders without place to go in may occur. This study analyses works by a great number of sculptors based on knowledge from secrets of human bodies that were compelled to be revealed in sculpture of human bodies to art anatomy and reinterprets human bodies in an aspect of art anatomy that have been interpreted in various ways to help recognize necessity of art anatomy as a base of expression of human bodies. Chapter Ⅱ examines the concept and various expressions of human bodies sculpture that have been dealt with in history of western art from prehistoric to contemporary period, and analyses what relations there is between history of medical anatomy and art anatomy. Chapter Ⅲ deals only with skeletal system and muscular system to identify anatomical postures and terms of anatomy, focusing planes, positions and direction of human bodies and movements of joints, and examines the meanings and expressions through sculptures relating to each structure. Chapter Ⅳ examines transitional processes of sculpture on human bodies through realistic and local expressions of human bodies, and their transformation and dismantlement. And it interprets sculpture of human bodies with an anatomical approach. It is necessary to identify anatomy in modelling human bodies in realistic ways , which needs exact knowledge on it. Just as we can see as much as we know, we should understand human bodies to reproduce them. Even when we transform or dismantle human bodies, we should consider anatomic aspects of human bodies. They will continue to be good materials that can be represented in various ways and be explored.