현대 일본어 추량표현에 관한 연구: 「そうだ」「ようだ」「らしい」를 중심으로

Abstract

In general, a sentence can be classified into two parts: a statement and an attitude. A statement is something that you say or write which gives information in a formal or definite way. On the other hand, an attitude to something is the way that you think and feel about it. In the present study, the term, proposition was used instead of a statement. Similarly an attitude was named as modality. There are many ways of expressing modality in Japanese. But we intend to focus on the analysis of inferential expressions in the presents study. Inferential expressions are often used to indicate that something will possibly happen or be true in the future, but speakers cannot be certain. A study of the inferential expressions in Japanese seems to be meaningful, judging from the fact that the Japanese tend to express their mood indirectly in the inferential expressions related to the future tense. We mainly dealt with a comparision of typical modified auxiliary verbs for inferential expressions such as 󰡐souda󰡑,󰡐youda󰡑and 󰡐rasii󰡑in the present study. A comparison of there different modified auxiliary verb led us to following conclusions: 󰡐souda󰡑is used to indicate objective opinion on something, while 󰡐youda󰡑is used to express speaker？？s subjective judgement. A speaker tends to prefer󰡐youda󰡑to 󰡐souda󰡑,󰡐youda󰡑to󰡐rasii󰡑in order to express the situation or fact on the basis of one？？s judgment in terms of an inference, compared with󰡐rasii󰡑. 󰡐Rasii󰡑includes a strong inference based on an objective judgment when 󰡐souda󰡑is compared with󰡐rasii󰡑. Therefore, 󰡐rasii󰡑is frequently used to predict that something will happens in the future. On the other hand, 󰡐souda󰡑is not more objective than 󰡐rasii󰡑because it include speaker？？s subjective inference. The presents study focuses on the grammatical analysis of󰡐souda󰡑,󰡐youda󰡑and 󰡐rasii󰡑which has such a little different meaning that it can be commonly misused. We cannot assert that the present study clears all misuses of the inferential expressions such as 󰡐souda󰡑,󰡐youda󰡑and 󰡐rasii󰡑, but contributes toward elucidating their similarities and dissimilarities.