日韓 兩言語 授受表現의 意味·用法에 관한 對照硏究

Abstract

The Korean studying Japanese language (JL) has mastered more easily than other foreign language because it has a grammar system similar with Korean language (KL). However, the usage of some verbs in JL must reflect the complicated human relationship between the individuals in a daily life, superior-inferior interaction and the restriction as a grammatical person between talkers, viewpoint of talker and so on. Therefore, Korean sometimes has used wrong expression to talk JL. In this study, the meaning and features of giving and receiving expression in Japanese literary writings was analyzed and the differences in usage was compared to KL grammar, anticipating that Koreans studying and educating JL understand the correct usage against frequently occurred misuse and design an efficient JL education plan. Based on examples in Japanese original works and books in translation, the meaning verbal usage in the giving and receiving expression and the expression actually used in KL translation were analyzed. In Japanese literary writings, the literary and colloquial style were used together but the correct sentence structure was not constructed even in literary-styled expression. In many cases, both style expressions omitted the subject received as well as giving an action so that we should understand the verbal usage depending upon the situation and context in the sentence. In many cases, verbs in giving and receiving expression were accompanied by 「て」 in Japanese literary writings. The expressions such as 「(て)やる」, 「(て)あげる」 and 「(て)くれる」were translated as 「해주다」in KL. However, 「(て)もらう」 was literally translated to 「해받다」 but the meaning and interpretation could be different depending on the situation and context in the sentence. 「(て）やる」 was an verb used in both literary and colloquial style of sentences. This expression was mainly used in the sentence that the subject give an action to counterpart and the subject of an action was omitted occasionally. 「(て)くれる」 was the expression used most frequently in Japanese writings and used in the sentences meaning gratitude, hope, wish and favor as well as inconvenience to a person receiving talks. 「～(て)くれ」 was used as a meaning of a order or command. 「(て）くださる」 was an order expression carrying honor and respect and mainly used as 「(て)ください」in the sentences of polite request and solicitation. 「(て)もらう」 was many used in the expression that talker received some action. For examples, this expression was used in the cases that talker asked and received a benefit, favor or permission from a counterpart. This expression was literally translated as 「받다 」 in KL but freely and variously translated through the context depending on the meaning of a verb preceding「て」. 「(て)いただく」 was a modest expression of 「(て)もらう」 and used as honor and respect to subject receiving an action.