日本語 複合動詞「~はじめる」와「~かける」의 用法 比較

Abstract

Japanese compound verbs are classified as follows in the aspects of composition : ？@ combination of verbs with verbs, ？A combination of nouns with verbs, ？B combination of adjective (verbs) with verbs, ？C combination of adverbs with verbs, ？D combination of prefixes with verbs. Among others, the combination of verbs with verbs is used the most widely because there are many usages to express an action and a condition, and it is able to communicate the specific and material actions the most realistically. The compound verb which is the type of an independent verb + a dependent verb by the classification criterion of Teramurahideo is the case that the dependent verb losses the meaning of the real verb or grammatical feature. In the dependent verbs, it is called the aspect verb what indicates the aspect of beginning ？？ continuance ？？ end of the actions and the matters. Let me consider the aspect verbs, ⌜~hazimeru⌟⌜~kakeru⌟, which express the beginning of them. The feature of beginning expression, ？u~hazimeru？vand？u~kakeru？v, as the beginning aspect is as follows : ？u~hazimeru？vhas the both aspect usages which express the first starting beginning aspect and expect the continuing precess after that, but ？u~kakeru？vhas the usages of the only before beginning, the sudden situation in the precess of the beginning, the stop after the beginning. But I was able to know the case of being used as the complete beginning usages. ？u~hazimeru？v is only used as the beginning usage but ？u~kakeru？v is able to express the intending meaning of an object in addition to that. Comparing of feature of the meannings and usages in the mutuality of the bebinning expression, ？u~kakeru？vcan not be used if ？u~hazimeru？v is able to be used as usages of which expect the precess after the beginning. But I could change ？u~kakeru？vto ？u~hazimeru？vif ？u~kakeru？vis used as the complete beginning and the change of state by the involuntary subject. But there is a nuance. ？u~kakeru？v is not impossible to exchange to ？u~hazimeru？v if it is used as the usages of the only before beginning and the stop after the beginning. I could know that ？u~hazimeru？vis usually able to use with the ordering adverb but ？u~kakeru？vemphasis the meanning by sharing various adverbs without sharing of certain adverbs.