볼링선수의 경쟁불안과 정신력이 운동수행에 미치는 영향

Abstract

The present study purposed to analy the relation between bowlers?f anxiety and mental strength and their performance in order to provide basic materials for bowlers to maintain the best mental state and to maximize their athletic performance based on the causal relation between these factors and athletic performance. For this purpose, we selected 103 male bowlers and 91 female ones, so a total of 194 bowlers who were registered at the Korea Bowling Congregation and the Korea Professional Bowling Association and participating in bowling games currently as of October, 2007. Using SPSS 11, we analyzed anxiety about competition, mental strength and athletic performance according to general characteristics through t?]test and one?]way ANOVA, and examined the effects of anxiety about competition and mental strength on athletic performance through multiple regression analysis 0. From the results were drawn conclusions as follows. First, when anxiety about competition was analyzed according to general characteristics, by gender, cognitive anxiety was higher in female bowlers than male ones, and confidence was higher in male bowlers than female ones. By organization, cognitive anxiety was highest in high school bowlers and, next, in order of university bowlers and professional bowlers, and confidence was highest in professional bowlers and, next, in order of university bowlers and high school bowlers. By athletic experience, confidence was highest in those with 10 years?f or longer experience and, next, in order of those with 6~10 years?f experience and those with 5 years?f or shorter experience. Second, when mental strength was analyzed according to general characteristics, by gender, motivation level and arousal control were higher in male bowlers than female ones, and tension was higher in female bowlers than in male ones. By organization, arousal control was highest in professional bowlers and, next, in order of university bowlers and high school bowlers, and tension was highest in high school bowlers. By athletic experience, tension was highest in those with 5 years?f or shorter experience and, next, in order of those with 6~10 years?f experience and those with 10 years?f or longer experience. Third, when athletic performance was analyzed according to general characteristics, by gender, the average score, the latest score and the highest score were higher in male bowlers than in female ones. By organization, the average score was highest in professional bowlers and, next, in order of university bowlers and high school bowlers. By athletic experience, the average score was highest in those with 10 years?f or longer experience and, next, in order of those with 6?`10 years?f experience and those with 5 years?f or shorter experience. Fourth, when the effect of anxiety about competition and mental strength on athletic performance was analyzed, among the factors of anxiety about competition, physical anxiety affected athletic performance commonly in all the bowlers. That is, the higher physical anxiety was, the lower the average score, the latest score and the highest score were. Among the factors of mental strength, imagery control affected athletic performance commonly in all the bowlers. That is, the higher imagery control was, the higher the average score, the latest score and the highest score were.