조광조론

Abstract

This study speculates Jo Gwang-Jo's reformative politics centering on the his thoughts which gave a basis of the reform and evaluation by coming generations. Jeongam Jo Gwang-Jo dominated reformative politics to realize ideal politics presented by Yosoon while serving for the central political circles for such a short time under the reign period of King Jungjong (1515). He tried to realize ideal politics of Yosoon based on thoughts of Cheon-in-hap-il-lon, Gyeong and Inn, and Gun-shin-sang-jo-lon to deal with political, economical and social disorder brought by Yeonsan-gun. The Cheon-in-hap-il-lon means that contradiction of real society can be overcome if people try to recover their nature according to the law of nature. The Gyeong and Inn is emphasized as a way to recover the nature. And the Gun-shin-sang-jo-lon means that a king should cultivate his mind consistently and servants should do their best for good operation of the court, and help Daegan to have the rights to speak freely for realization of ideal politics. He believed that reformative politics based on the thoughts would be realized though the effects of utmost politics can not be achieved quickly and if there is something unreasonable, it should be reformed. And he suggested that opportunities should be caught for success of the reform. As a result, he dominated reformative politics through implementation of Hyeonranggwa, elimination of Sogyeokseo, and revision of political retainers. He suggested Hyeonranggwa should be implemented in that utmost politics was not realized in the tenth year of King Jungjong and Sogyeokseo should be eliminated in that the principle of political ideology might be damaged. He insisted that the political retainers should be reorganized, focusing on differentiation between justice and private interest. However, his reformative politics failed due to Kimyosahwa and he had a bad reputation for it. Therefore, this study demonstrated that King Jungjong changed his attitude and the vested rights tried to protect their power through bibliographical reviews of 〈Joseonwangjosilrok〉 and 〈Jeongamseonseangmunjip〉 and suggested that Jo Gwang-Jo pursued the utmost politics to deal with the political disorder at that time rather than he was a violent idealist.