학습조직과 지식경영의 교육적 적용 가능성 연구

Abstract

As professor Drucker Predicted, we have already been in the 'next society'. And the next society can be called 'knowledge society'. The next society is knowledge-based society in which knowledge-acquiring, knowledge-creating, knowledge-sharing and knowledge-spreading are far more competitive than anything else. In the extreme world of knowledge-haves and knowledge- haves not, as in the powerful knowledge countries and weak knowledge countries, 'knowledge management' has become essential for the enterprises or the organizations to survive. Now the schools that have enjoyed peaceful times for a long time are meeting the danger of being closed without competition. The purpose of this study is to show the definition of knowledge and knowledge management in order to extract what the 'knowledge management' is in the knowledge management era and draw 'the theory of learning organization', which is regarded as a new paradigm of controling knowledge. The properties of knowledge are as follows; First, knowledge is formless, so the evaluation of the value of acquiring, creating, sharing and spreading knowledge is difficult. Second, the quantity of knowledge can be expanded limitlessly. The more the quantity of knowledge is enlarged and the more often used and the more the cost of storage is reduced, the more the value of knowledge is increased. Third, knowledge belongs neither to private property nor public property. Forth, knowledge's boundary line is unclear and the border line of general studies is collapsed and fusions occur frequently. Fifth, knowledge has self-evolving vitality, and throughout sharing, spreading, and fusion with other knowledge it creates new knowledge. The definition of knowledge management can be defined as " for the organization to acquire and share all the information including individual knowledge, create new knowledge and to provide a procedure and a bar for the created knowledge to be converted to goods, service and system and for the organization to be competitive by meeting potential buyer's needs through creative and fast decision-making." Knowledge management is possible in every organization, therefore the school organization should accept knowledge management. But the knowledge management of a company should not be applied to the school because of peculiar nature in the schools' context, so knowledge management model for the school needs to be set. To understand knowledge management for the school It is necessary to study knowledge management model and analyze the process of acquiring, sharing, creating and spreading knowledge for knowledge management. Learning organization as a conceptual framework of knowledge management has shown up. The ideas of 'learning organization' and 'organizational learning' can be used as the same ones even if there are some differences in perspectives among scholars. To be more specific, organizational learning is an attempt to find out the structure theoretically in which learning of organizational level is performed, on the contrary, 'learning organization' is to research the learning of an organization in the work place and to pursue positive changes of an organization through this. This learning organization is a strategic means pursuing development of one's own future, a process of one's own development and change and a continuous and creative process of the members of learning organization. In short , as an individual can learn, an organization with individuals can learn, too and it is called learning organization. In an organization where learning is performed effectively and efficiently the process of using knowledge is progressed mutually and it must not be considered as continuous or individual. In a learning organization, the four steps, acquiring, creating, sharing and spreading extract knowledge and apply it successfully. Previous studies done in the literature are concerned with enterprises, elementary and secondary schools but do not show the state of colleges' cognition for the knowledge management and knowledge utility. In the near future, studies for the junior college on the knowledge management should be done to enforce competitiveness and to survive in this world of the survival of the fittest.