韓國 政治敎育의 發展方向에 관한 硏究

Abstract

Political Education, as a textbook encouraging the people to actively participate in political activities and solve the political problems in hand on the basis of proper political knowledge and improve the quality of democratic citizens, aims to contribute to development of a democratic nation and construction of a welfare society. The purpose of this study is to identify the problems involved in the political education of Korea and present the development direction that the Korean political education must pursue, using as the sample the present conditions and historical background of political education of Korea, and the political educations of other countries. In order to attain the purposes of this study, I divided the history and present conditions of Korean political education from the Joseon Dynasty up the present times by the age, and so divided by the age and analyzed the historical development and the present conditions of the political educations of other nations such as the United States, Japan and Germany. The findings from the analysis of the history and present conditions of the political education divided by the age are summarized below. Firstly, it seems that the history and present conditions of Korean political education from the Joseon Dynasty up to the present, divided by the age, have been closely connected with the political systems and have always been part of the political power. Secondly, with respect to the analysis findings of the age-wise division of the historical developments of the political education of other nations their political educations can not be elaborated on without considering the characteristics of the relevant times and politics of the respective nations. The analysis findings of the historical developments of the political education of each of the foreign nations are given below. 1. Since the Civil War in the United States, the necessity and importance of the political education especially for the effective democracy has been widely recognized. From the historical point of view, it may be said that the political education of the United States has increased in its contents and scopes in line with stretched interpretation of the meanings of democracy in the United States. 2. The political education in Japan started with the national education evolving around the Emperor but its major has been focused on the aims of fostering the desirable supreme rulers pursuant to the thought that sovereignty rests with the people as specified in the preamble of their Constitution on the basis of the Constitution and educational basic laws from the occupation period by the United States Forces up to now. 3. The political education of Germany has been considered an integral part of the political culture of Germany. The political education just firmed up at the present times conveys the political consciousness and knowledge and is aimed at cultivating the capacity for political activities. As may be witnessed in the development process of the political education, it may be said that the political education has been closely related to the political environment and political deveopment of the respective nations. Such being the case, the absolute necessity of the political education should be recognized in a new light in order to form the proper political environment and attain the political development, in other words to attain the political development to bring in the national consensus. On the other hand, the government's active support is absolutely necessary for the proper political education.