감정명사 '기쁨'을 통해 본 한국어와 프랑스어 비교

Abstract

Linguistically, the emotion nouns denote major differences in their properties, in spite of having the same properties in terms of human feelings. For example, '기쁨' and '슬픔' in Korean resort to different verbs to make a set expression, although both words are emotion nouns. Similarly, the synonyms of emotion noun '기쁨' combine with different verbs as is indicated below.

(기쁨 + *슬픔)을 누리다. (기쁨 + *즐거움 + *쾌락 + *낙 + 환희)의 눈물을 흘리다. (*기쁨 + 슬픔)을 견디다. (기쁨 + 즐거움 + *쾌락 + *낙 + 환희)에 (가득) 차다.

The same phenomenon happens in French.

sauter de (joie + *tristesse). se mettre en (joie + *plaisir). surmonter (*la joie + la tristesse). prendre (*joie + plaisir) à travailler.

Besides, in a dictionary, there is no one-to-one correspondence between a headword and its equivalents. For example, in Prime French-Korean dictionary, '기쁨', '환희' are provided as meanings of the noun 'joie' and '기쁨', '즐거움', '환희', '만족', '쾌락' are provided as meanings of the noun 'plaisir'. As aforementioned, these five Korean words should combine with different verbs.

(기쁨 + *즐거움 + *환희 + *만족 + *쾌락)(이)(가) 내솟다. (기쁨 + 즐거움 + 환희 + *만족 + 쾌락)(이)(가) 넘치다. (기쁨 + 즐거움 + 환희 + *만족 + ?쾌락)에 들뜨다.

In reality, when we speak languages, what is needed is a sentence, not a word. Consequently, we must build a collocation for proper language usage. For this reason, this paper aims to compare emotion nouns synonymous with 'joy' between Korean and French by examining verb-noun collocations. To this end, firstly, the definition, precedent studies and syntactic properties of support verb will be investigated. Secondly, before selecting criteria of the synonyms of emotion noun 'joy', a predicate noun will be defined. Finally, semantic and syntactic properties of the synonyms of emotion noun 'joy' in Korean and French will be described through the verbs co-occurring with them. This method will provide a good means of practicing and using languages.