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Effect of ubiquitin E3 ligase SIAH1/2 in the DNA double-strand break repair

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Author(s)
정서연
Issued Date
2018
Abstract
DNA double-strand break(DSB) repair is the most important mechanism to maintain the normal cellular homeostasis. The DSBs were repaired by two main pathway, Homologous recombination(HR) or non-homologous end joining(NHEJ). Ubiquitination is a form of protein stabilization, intracellular localization of protein, and intracellular signal at DNA damage. Although ubiquitination is commonly known as a critical mark targeting proteins for proteasome-dependent degradation, recent studies have revealed that it also has non-proteolytic functions such as activation and inactivation of target protein. Here, we report non-proteolytic function of ubiquitination by SIAH E3 ubiquitin ligase. We identify that E3 ubiquitin ligase, SIAH1 and SIAH2 are targeting BRCA2 and CtIP, respectively. We demonstrate that the E3 ubiquitin ligase SIAH mediates the target protein ubiquitination. E3 ubiquitin ligases SIAH1/2 is recruited to DNA damage site and recruitment of CtIP, BRCA2, BRCA1 and RAD51 at DSB sites following IR is dramatically decreased in SIAH1/2-deficient cells. The deletion of SIAH results in impaired HR, suppression of DNA end resection and cellular hypersensitivity to IR. Our finding reveal a role for SIAH1/2 in regulation of HR repair and maintaining genome stability, and suggest that ubiquitination of CtIP and BRCA2 by SIAH is critical for DDR.|DNA에 이중나선절단에 의한 DNA손상시 세포는 상동재결합과 비상동말단결합으로 손상이 복구되어 세포는 항상성을 유지하게 된다. Ubiquitination은 타겟단백질에 ubiquitin을 결합함으로써 프로테오좀에 의한 타겟단백질의 분해를 촉진시키고, 이로 인해 세포주기, 신호전달, 전사, 세포사멸 및 DNA손상복구등의 다양한 세포내 과정에 관여함이 알려져 있다. 그러나 최근엔 이런 단백질 Ubiquitination이 단백질 분해 촉진이 아니라 가역적 반응으로 타겟단백질의 활성을 조절함이 보고되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 대표적인 E3 ubiquitin ligase인 SIAH1/2 가 타겟단백질의 Ubiquitination을 통한 단백질 분해가 아니라 가역적으로 활성을 조절함으로써 타겟단백질에 의한 세포내 신호전달 기전을 규명하고자 하였다. Yeast two hybrid 실험을 통해 SIAH1,2 에 결합하는 DNA손상복구단백질 BRCA2와 CtIP를 동정하였고, SIAH1,2가 표적단백질의 Ubiquitination을 매개함을 보았다. 또한 SIAH1/2가 결핍된 세포에서 방사선 조사에 의한 DNA 이중나선절단시 손상 부위에 CtIP, BRCA1, BRCA2 및 Rad51 foci가 감소함을 확인하였다. SIAH1,2의 결핍은 정상세포에 비해 상동재조합에 의한 DNA손상복구 및 DNA end resection 이 저하되었으며, 방사선손상에 의한 세포 손상 민감도 또한 증가됨을 관찰하였다. 따라서 본 연구는 E3 ubiquitin ligase SIAH1/2가 DNA손상복구에 중요한 두가지 단백질인 BRCA2와 CtIP의 ubiquitination을 통해 단백질 분해가 아니라 그 활성을 조절함을 증명한 연구로 이는 SIAH단백질이 DNA손상복구 및 세포 안정성 유지에 중요한 역할을 하는 새로운 단백질 임을 밝힌 최초의 보고이다.
Alternative Title
유비퀴틴 E3 효소 SIAH1/2가 잉중가닥절단 복구에 미치는 영향
Alternative Author(s)
Jeong Seo Yeon
Affiliation
의과학과
Department
일반대학원 의과학과
Advisor
이정희
Awarded Date
2019-02
Table Of Contents
KOREAN ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………………1
INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………………………3
MATERIALS AND METHODS ………………………………………………8
1. Cell culture and treatment …………………………………………………………8
2. Plasmid construct ……………………………………………………………………9
3. Antibodies………………………………………………………………………………9
4. Western blot analysis………………………………………………………………10
5. Co-immunoprecipitation and ubiquitination assay …………………………11
6. DNA end resection …………………………………………………………………12
7. Immunofluorescence microscopy ………………………………………………13
8. Chromatin fraction …………………………………………………………………14
9. Clonal survival assay ………………………………………………………………15
10.Comet assay ………………………………………………………………………15
11. Homologous recombination assay(DR-GFP assay) ………………………17
RESULTS ……………………………………………………………………………19
PART Ⅰ. Ubiquitination of CtIP by SIAH2 controls DSB repair choice between non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination
1. Identification of E3 ubiquitin ligase SIAH2 as a CtIP-associated protein
2. E3 ubiquitin ligase, SIAH2 promotes ubiquitination of CtIP
3. SIAH2 is required for the recruitment of CtIP and BRCA1 to DBS sites
4. SIAH2 depletion reduces HR
5. SIAH2 promotes CtIP mediated end resection
6. SIAH2 deficiency is hypersensitive to IR
7. SIAH2 recruits to DSB sites in S/G2 phase cells
PARTⅡ. SIAH1 ubiquitinates BRCA2 and regulates homologous recombination
1. BRCA2 colocalizes and interacts with SIAH1
2. BRCA2 is ubiquitinated
3. E3 ubiquitin ligase SIAH1 promotes ubiquitination of BRCA2
4. SIAH1 required for the BRCA2, BRCA1, CtIP foci formation
5. SIAH1 promotes HR through interaction with BRCA2
6. Depletion of SIAH1 impairs DSB repair
7. SIAH1 deficiency reduces cell survival in response to DNA damage

DISCUSSION
Discussion ………………………………………………………………………………85
ABSTARACT
Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………89
REFERENCES
References………………………………………………………………………………91
Degree
Doctor
Publisher
조선대학교
Citation
정서연. (2018). Effect of ubiquitin E3 ligase SIAH1/2 in the DNA double-strand break repair.
Type
Dissertation
URI
https://oak.chosun.ac.kr/handle/2020.oak/13710
http://chosun.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000267058
Appears in Collections:
General Graduate School > 4. Theses(Ph.D)
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