J. Sibelius, J. Brahms, E. Grieg에 의한 졸업연주 프로그램의 해설

Abstract

This paper researched the musical style of composers, their instrumental music and their interpretations focusing on the program of the graduation recital: J. Sibelius Mazurka, Op. 81, No. 1, J. Brahms Violin Sonata No.2 in A Major, Op. 100, E. Grieg Violin Sonata No. 3 in C minor, Op. 45 to research. J. Sibelius (1865-1957) is a Finnish nationalist composer. J. Sibelius Mazurka, Op. 81, No. 1 can be divided into three parts and contains the musical elements such as cadenza-like introduction, wide leaps, double stop and chromatic movements. J. Brahms (1833-1897) is a composer of the Romantic period whose music contains Romantic characteristics within the form of Classicism. Among Brahms’ three violin sonatas, Violin Sonata No. 2 exhibits the beauty of melody the most, and uses plentiful chord, lyrical melody, hemiola, complex rhythms, sequences, and chromatic progression. The first movement, a form of sonata, has an introduction with the first theme of A Major and the second theme of E Major. After the development part, it is finalized with recapitulation and coda. The second movement is a ternary form of AB-A′B′-A″B″. A starts its theme with lyrical melody while B shows radiant and happy melody in that A and B together create a contradictory atmosphere. The third movement is rondo form of A-B-A′-C-A″-B′-A‴-Coda. The theme is represented with lyrical melody, then is transformed and reproduced throughout the music. A new musical movement emerged in the late 19th century. That is musical nationalism, which refers to the use of country specific characteristics and spirits in music. Grieg (E. Grieg, 1843-1907), a leading Norwegian composer in musical nationalism, made songs that represent nationalism in music by using Norwegian folk melody and dance rhythm. Grieg’s third and final violin sonata, Violin Sonata No. 3, is composed with the use of folk rhythm such as gangar, triplets, pedal points of piano, chromatic progression based on the characteristics of Romanticism. The characteristics of Romanticism are expansion, reduction, and modification of a theme within the form of sonata. The first movement, using the freestyle sonata form, has three themes in exposition. The violin part and the piano part play like the two different instruments make a conversation. After the development, three themes are reappeared and then the song is finalized with coda. The Second movement is a form of three parts as A-B-A′. A starts with a calm and lyrical atmosphere, B shows Norwegian dance style, and A′ plays lyrical theme melody in the higher instrument than A. The finale, written in freestyle sonata form, consists of exposition-recapitulation-coda but lacks a development section. It is hoped that the analyses of the music of Sibelius, Brahms and Grieg in this research will be used to improve the actual performance of the violinists.