여성 안보의식 분석 및 제고방안에 관한 연구

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to provide improvement plans of women's recognition on the national security affairs by analyzing differences of recognition between men and women. ‘Pan-national security awareness survey’ conducted by Institute for Security Affairs Research of National Defense University was used for this study. In particular, results conducted in 1989, 1995, 1999, 2004, 2009 and 2014 were analyzed. The chosen years were every government's second year(except 1995) since 1988. The second years of new governments mean that new policies about politics, economy, society, culture, military and national security are spread and national consensus on the related matters can be formed. As a result of the study, the number of women's answers as "Don't know" or "Know a little" about the provided national security issues were more than men's. The ratio of women's recognition on the national security matters was different from men's. These results show that we need improvement plans of women's recognition on the national security matters in different ways with men. The reasons are inferred as follows. First, women are free from military duty in South Korea. Second, women have different interest rate on military or national security issues from men. Third, a lot of women are likely to discontinue career due to housework or child rearing. Four, the ratio of women officials are lower than men in the fields of national security or military. Fifth, middle or high school curriculum about national security matters are not general. Sixth, national security education for women are not nationally provided. There are reasons why women's recognition on the national security affairs are needed. First, in the matter of national security, there is no barrier for men or women and every society member should pay attention to national security matters because there is nothing left for the people who lose their nation. Second, women are responsible for taking care of their children and families. Therefore, they need to educate their children with desirable recognition on the national security affairs. Third, women's participations in the fields of policy-making or military affairs are getting more. Fourth, as a female birth rate is higher than male, women can influence a lot more areas than before. Fifth, female students or graduates who want to be female officers are getting more every year. To improve women's recognition of the national security affairs, female workforce should be expanded in the fields of national defense or national security. Women reserve forces can be used in many areas and variety of female groups in different areas can also be used for improving women's recognition of the national security matters. Internet society and social media activities are also helpful and security tour programs to the front areas such as Panmunjom can be good ways, too. The limitation of this study are as follows ; first, this study focuses on only one source, which was conducted by Institute for Security Affairs Research of National Defense University, it is hard to be the representative nature. Second, this study did not provide concrete statistics that can prove valuable differences. Third, data from every second year of new governments are not enough to generalize results of the whole government periods.