유해 적조 제어를 위한 dichlorobenzylamine 유도체 합성 및 활성 평가

Abstract

Although there have been many studies of removing the harmful algae species using the physical, chemical, biological and hybrid means in Korea as the reports of damage of cultivation of marine products industry, disturbance of marine ecosystem and hazard to public health and safety by harmful red tides (HABs) have recently increased each year, there is yet no feasible alternative measure other than spraying red clay. However, despite many efforts, the damage from harmful algae species is increasing, and the sprayed red clay is settled under water and causes the secondary pollution. As thus, the new harmful algae species removing substance must be developed. This paper studied the chemical method to efficiently control harmful algae species by synthesizing 65 new chemicals known to be active to harmful algae species and inoculating 5∼0.1 µM of the synthesized chemical to harmful algae species to analyze the activity change according to the SAR (structure activity relationship). The analysis indicated that the 3,4-dichlorobenzylamine derivative showed relatively high activity to 4 types of harmful algae speciess (Cochlodinium polykrikoides, Heterosigma akashiwo, Cattonella marina, and Heterocapsa circularisquama) and the synthesized compounds 27, 28, 33, 34, 35, 36 and 6 showed the high activity of 0.1∼1 µM of 24 h - LC50 to 4 types of harmful algae species. When treated with 1 µM, almost cells were confirmed to be destroyed. To verify the safety of compounds, an acute ecotoxicology tests using the water flea (Daphnia magna) and zebrafish (Danio rerio) were conducted, and the test confirmed that the compounds 33 and 34 were safe against the ecotoxicology by showing the high survival rates at 15 µM. The test result indicates that the compounds 33 and 34 are the suitable substances to control harmful algae species. In the future, the risk to marine ecosystem should be systematically assessed using the mesocosm to study the feasibility of field application.