쉼터 가출청소년의 정서행동문제와 관련변인들과의 관계

Abstract

Recently, the number of runaway adolescents has increased and various researches on them have been conducted in Korea. However, there are few researches on emotional and behavioral problems of runaway adolescents staying in youth shelters. The purpose of this study was to examine emotional and behavioral problems of runaway adolescents in youth shelters and analyze their relationship with related variables. Research questions were as follows. First, to what degree, do runaway adolescents in youth shelters have emotional and behavioral problems? Second, what type of emotional and behavioral problems do runaway adolescents in youth shelters have? Third, is there a difference in related variables(gender, age, self- control, self-esteem, parental attachment, parental monitoring, parental support, teacher attachment, peer attachment, shelter satisfaction) according to the types of emotional and behavioral problems of runaway adolescents in youth shelters? Fourth, what is the effect of related variables(gender, age, self- control, self-esteem, parental attachment, parental monitoring, parental support, teacher attachment, peer attachment, shelter satisfaction) on the degree of emotional and behavioral problems of runaway adolescents in youth shelters? A questionnaire survey based on the research questions was conducted with 250 adolescents from 13 to 18 years old who stayed in 33 youth shelters located in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Incheon. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS 20.0. The results of the study were as follows. First, for the degree of emotional and behavioral problems of runaway adolescents in youth shelters, the highest level was rule violation, followed by aggressive behaviors, accident problems, and withdrawal/ depression. Externalizing problems were higher than internalizing problems. In particular, rule violation, aggressive behaviors, and accident problems were relatively high in externalizing problems and total behavior problems were also high. The findings suggested that the degree of emotional and behavioral problems was higher in runaway adolescents than in general adolescents. Second, for the type of emotional and behavioral problems of runaway adolescents in youth shelters, rule violation was very high in (sub)clinical problems and aggressive behaviors, accident problems, social immaturity, and withdrawal/depression were relatively high. It suggested that runway adolescents’ problems were mainly caused by rule violation. Externalizing problems were higher than internalizing problems, which was characterized by runway adolescents in youth shelters. It indicated that the percentage of externalizing problems was higher than that of internalizing problems and (sub)clinical percentage was somewhat high in total behavioral problems. Third, there was a significant difference in personal variables(gender, age, self-control, and self-esteem), family variables(parental attachment, parental monitoring, and parental support), and social variables(teacher attachment, peer attachment, and shelter satisfaction) according to emotional and behavioral problem of runaway adolescents in youth shelters. In particular, a difference between personal variables was the highest because a personal difference was big as individual’s invisible and potential characteristics. Furthermore, the difference can be influenced more greatly by family and social variables. Fourth, for the correlation between emotional and behavioral problems and related variables(gender, age, self-control, self-esteem, parental attachment, parental monitoring, parental support, teacher attachment, peer attachment, shelter satisfaction) in runaway adolescents in youth shelters, the order of related variables was very different according to each emotional and behavioral problem. But the correlation of attention problem was statistically insignificant in emotional and behavioral problems and the correlation coefficient between parental monitoring, teacher attachment, and shelter satisfaction was insignificant in related variables. The predictive relationship between the degree of emotional and behavioral problems and related variables(gender, age, self-control, self-esteem, parental attachment, parental monitoring, parental support, teacher attachment, peer attachment, shelter satisfaction) was also analyzed. As a result, it was found that the effect of related variables according to each emotional and behavioral problem was very different in order. Today runaway adolescent’s problems are dealt in the national level beyond the social level. Since adolescents are our dream and hope in the Korea’s future, it is necessary to have high interest and give cooperation regarding their problems. It is expected that this study will be used as basic information for further researches on emotional and behavioral problems of runaway adolescents in youth shelters.