직업무용단의 직무 환경과 특성에 따른 만족이 조직헌신도에 미치는 영향

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effects of job satisfaction on organizational commitment according to job environment and job characteristics in professional dance companies. To this end, dance members of 27 professional dance companies in Korea were selected as the subject. A sample of 300 dance members were recruited from five professional dance companies in Seoul and Gwangju and five professional dance companies in cities and counties(30 participants from each company). 258 participants' questionnaire results which were faithfully answered were analyzed by frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach’s α, and correlation analysis using the SPSS Win Ver. 18.0 program. After the correlation analysis, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis was made. Also, the goodness-of-fit of the model and individual hypothesis was tested by confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model(SEM) analysis using AMOS 18. Finally, the following results were obtained. First, for age, the average of educational environment, facility environment, communication, and welfare environment sub-factors of job environment was high in the age group of 30 years. For job characteristics, the average of functional diversity, task importance, job autonomy, and feedback sub-factors was high in the age group of more than 40 years. For job career, the average of educational environment and facility environment was high in those less than 5 years; the average of communication was high in those more than 5 years - less than 10 years; and the average of welfare environment was high in those less than 5 years. For job characteristics, the average of functional diversity was high in those more than 15 years and the average of task importance, job autonomy, and feedback was high in those more than 10 years - less than 15 years. For job environment sub-factors according to education, the average of educational environment, facility environment, communication, and welfare environment was high in high school graduates, 2-year college graduates, 2-year college graduates, and high school graduates, respectively. For job characteristics sub-factors, while the average of functional diversity was high in graduate school graduates, the average of task importance, job autonomy, and feedback was high in 2-year college graduates. Second, job environment had positive(+) effects on job satisfaction. Educational environment(t=4.972***), communication(t=4.625***), and welfare environment(t=3.272**) sub-factors of job environment influenced job satisfaction. It suggested that as professional dancers' educational environment, communication, and welfare environment was higher, their job satisfaction became increased. Third, job characteristics had positive(+) effects on job satisfaction. Functional diversity(t=2.537*) and job autonomy(t=5.127***) sub-factors of job characteristics influenced job satisfaction. It indicated that as professional dancers' functional diversity and job autonomy was higher, their job satisfaction became increased. Fourth, job satisfaction had positive(+) effects on organizational commitment. For the effects of job satisfaction on organizational commitment in professional dance companies, job satisfaction(t=15.261***) influenced organizational commitment. It indicated that as professional dancers' job satisfaction was higher, their organizational commitment became increased. Fifth, job environment had positive(+) effects on organizational commitment. Educational environment(t=4.443***), facility environment(t=2.056*), and communication (t=2.642**) sub-factors of job environment influenced organizational commitment. It suggested that as professional dancers' educational environment, facility environment, and communication was higher, their organizational commitment became increased. Sixth, job characteristics had positive(+) effects on organizational commitment. Functional diversity(t=4.442***), task importance(t=2.211*), job autonomy (t=4.096***), and feedback(t=2.606*) sub-factors of job characteristics influenced organizational commitment. It indicated that as professional dancers' functional diversity, task importance, job autonomy, and feedback was higher, their organizational commitment became increased.