한국과 OECD 국가 간 자동차산업 산업내무역 결정요인 연구

Abstract

A Study on the Determinants of Intra-Industry Trade of Automobile Industry between Korea and OECD Countries

Tang, Yinglan Advisor : Prof. Lee, Sung-min, Ph.D. Department of International Trade Graduate School of Chosun University

The purpose of this research is to, with 1996 as the set time for Korea to join the OECD, analyze the automobile industry intra-industry trade between Korea and OECD member countries, find out the structure of the automobile industry intra-industry trade, and the suggest a better policy directives concerning the trade between Korea and OECD member countries. The Korea automobile industry has been undergoing significant structural transformation over the last thirty years. Compared with automaker in other countries like US, Europe and Japan, it has shown its rapid growth and become one of top 5 countries in car manufacture. Furthermore, this has manifested while it had negotiations with the Korea-US FTA(Free Trade of Agreement) and the Korea-EU FTA. Both countries expect that Korea will gain a trade surplus in the automobile sector and, of course, Korea has already shown a strong confidence in that. Even though Korea has joined late in the Flow of FTAs when it is compared to other countries, Korea has pushed ahead with its own FTAs since 2004 and the results will be seen from now on. It is obvious the IIT in automobile sector will increase when the two FTAs take effect in earnest and go at it wholeheartedly. However, nobody knows whether it will be in a good way or not. Therefore, it is crucial for Korea to inspect its automobile sector and figure out its pattern in IIT. This study has two main purposes. The first one is finding out what kind of pattern it has in IIT and the second one is to analyze determinants of IIT in the automobile-industry between Korea and its major trading partners OECD countries during the period from 1990 to 2011. With those aims, this paper analyzes trade patterns within the Intra-Industry Trade(IIT) in the Korea auto-industry between Korea and its 33 trading partners and tests empirically seven country-specific factors concerning the determinants of IIT between Korea and its major trading partners. The results show that a substantial part of IIT in the Korean auto-industry was vertical IIT and it has increased over the data period. Increase in vertical IIT in auto-industry indicates that the international fragmentation of production process has become important in the Korea auto-industry. The econometric results mainly support the hypothesis derived from the literature and also confirms the fact that determinants of vertical IIT. In particular, the findings show that the extent of the Korea IIT in auto-industry is positively correlated with the difference in per capita GDP, per capita income, difference between the income per capital and Patents variable while outward FDI it is negatively correlated with differences between the two countries in the GDP. In this paper, Chapter Ⅱ presents an overview of the relevant theoretical literature and describes the empirical methodology used for disentangling horizontal and vertical IIT. In chapter Ⅲ, presents an outline of characteristics in the car industry and shows the feature of the Korean automobile industry. This paper analyzes trade patterns Intra-Industry Trade(IIT) in the Korea auto-industry between Korea and its 33 trading partners. In chapter Ⅳ, it tests empirically seven country-specific factors concerning the determinants of IIT between Korea and its major trading partners( 33 trading partners). Finally, summary and conclusions will be flowed in chapter Ⅴ.

Key words : Intra-Industry Trade, GL Index, Determinants of Intra-Industry, Horizontal and Vertical IIT