CHOSUN

Effect of 7-methylsulfonylheptyl isothiocyanate on inflammatory response induced by a Vibrio protease

Metadata Downloads
Author(s)
한수연
Issued Date
2022
Abstract
An opportunistic human pathogenic bacterium, Vibrio vulnificus (V. vulnificus), is a marine Gram-negative bacterium that causes wound infection, food-borne disease, and sepsis. In particular, chronic patients with weak immunity are more likely to develop sepsis when infected with the bacteria, and the mortality rate is more than 50%. Previous results have shown that V. vulnificus secretes an extracellular metalloprotease called vEP-45 that undergoes self-proteolysis to generate a 34 kDa protease (called vEP-34) by releasing C-terminal domain (named to C-ter100). The compound 7-methylsulfonylheptyl isothiocyanate (named 7-MSI) used in this study routinely is one of phytochemicals abundant in many cruciferous vegetables, including broccoli, cabbage, and kale. This phytochemical is known to be involved in plant defense against plant wounds and pathogens, and also exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. This study was performed to examine the effect of 7-MSI on the inflammatory response induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the C-ter100 peptide derived from vEP-45 in a macrophage cell line, Raw 264.7 cell. ELISA results showed that the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was clearly increased by LPS or C-ter100 treatment as expected, whereas decreased by 7-MSI pre-treatment. These results suggest that 7-MSI can inhibit the production of TNF-α induced by LPS and C-ter100. In addition, the transcription levels of IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2, and iNOS were significantly decreased, when Raw 264.7 cells were pre-treated with 7-MSI, followed by the treatment with LPS or C-ter100, compared to those of non-pretreated groups, as determined by RT-PCRs. These results suggest that 7-MSI can inhibit LPS- or C-ter100-induced inflammatory response by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators. In Raw 264.7 cells pretreated with various concentrations of 7-MSI and then treated with LPS or C-ter100, the phosphorylation level of IkappaB (IκB) was also investigated by Western blottings. The results of Western blottings showed that the phosphorylation of IkB induced by LPS or C-ter100 was clearly decreased by 7-MSI treatment in a dose-dependent manner. The immunostaining using confocal microscopy with anti-p65 antibody [raised against p65 protein component of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)] also showed that LPS- and C-ter100-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB proteins can be inhibited by 7-MSI, resulting in the proteins to stay in cytoplasm. All these results suggest that 7-MSI can inhibit the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway by inhibiting the phosphorylation of IκB protein. Taken together, all results obtained demonstrate that 7-MSI has an ability to alleviate an inflammatory response induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide and vEP-45 protease-derived C-ter100 peptide through the inhibition of NF-kB activation.|기회감염성 병원균인 Vibrio vulnificus (V. vulnificus)는 바다에 서식하는 그람 음성 박테리아이며, 상처감염과 패혈증을 유발한다. 특히, 면역력이 약한 만성 질환자들은 비브리오 감염 시 패혈증으로 전환될 가능성이 높으며, 사망률은 50% 이상이다. 선행연구를 통해 V. vulnificus는 vEP-45라 명명한 단백질분해효소를 분비하며, C-말단 도메인(C-ter100으로 명명)이 vEP-45로부터 떨어져나가 vEP-34(약 34 kDa)가 생성됨을 확인한 바 있다. 본 연구에서 사용한 7-methylsulfonylheptyl isothiocyanate(7-MSI로 명명)는 브로콜리, 양배추, 케일 등, 십자화과 식물에 비교적 풍부하게 존재하는 파이토케미칼(phytochemical)중 하나이다. 7-MSI는 식물의 상처 및 병원균에 대한 식물의 자기방어에 관여하는 것으로 알려져 있으며, 항염증 및 항암활성도 가지고 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 대식세포주인 Raw 264.7 세포를 이용하여 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)와 vEP-45에서 유래된 C-ter100 peptide에 의해 유발되는 염증반응에 미치는 7-MSI의 영향을 분석하기 위해 수행되었다. 대표적인 염증성 사이토카인 중 하나인 tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)의 생성을 ELISA로 확인한 결과, TNF-α가 LPS와 C-ter100에 의해서는 유도 생성되며, 이는 7-MSI 전처리에 의해 감소됨을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 7-MSI가 LPS 및 C-ter100에 의해 유도되는 TNF-α의 생성을 억제할 수 있음을 시사한다. 또한, RT-PCR로 Raw 264.7 세포에 7-MSI를 전처리한 후 LPS 또는 C-ter100를 처리하였을 때, IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2 및 iNOS의 전사수준이 7-MSI 전처리를 하지 않은 대조군에 비해 크게 감소함을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 7-MSI는 전염증성 사이토카인 및 매개자들의 생성을 억제함으로써 LPS 또는 C-ter100에 의해 유도되는 염증반응을 억제할 수 있음을 시사하는 것이다. 또한 Raw 264.7 세포를 7-MSI로 전처리한 후, LPS 또는 C-ter100를 처리하였을 때 나타나는 IkappaB (IκB)의 인산화 수준을 Western blotting으로 분석하였다. 그 결과, LPS와 C-ter100에 의해 유도되는 IκB 단백질의 인산화가 7-MSI에 의해 농도 의존적으로 감소함을 확인하였다. 또한 NF-κB의 항-p65 항체를 이용한 형광 면역염색으로, LPS 및 C-ter100에 의해 유도되는 nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) 단백질의 핵 내로의 전위가 7-MSI에 의해 억제되는 것을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과들은 7-MSI가 NF-kB의 활성화를 억제함으로써 박테리아-유래 LPS 및 vEP-45 단백질분해효소-유래 C-ter100 펩타이드에 의해 유도되는 염증반응을 완화시키는 효과를 지니고 있음을 시사하는 것이다.
Alternative Title
비브리오 단백질분해효소의 염증반응 유발에 미치는 7-methylsufonylheptyl isothiocyanate의 영향
Alternative Author(s)
Han Su Yeon
Affiliation
조선대학교 일반대학원
Department
일반대학원 글로벌바이오융합학과
Advisor
이정섭
Awarded Date
2023-02
Table Of Contents
LIST OF FIGURES ⅲ
ABSTRACT ⅳ

1. INTRODUCTION 1

2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 8
2-1. Materials 8
2-2. Cell culture 8
2-3. Cell viability assay 8
2-4. Expression and purification of C-terminal domain of vEP-45 9
2-5. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) 9
2-6. Western blot analysis 9
2-7. Total RNA purification and cDNA synthesis 10
2-8. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) 10
2-9. Imunnostaining for confocal microscopic analysis 11

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 12
3-1. Effect of 7-methylsulfonylheptyl isothiocyanate on cytotoxicity on Raw 264.7 cells 12
3-2. Effect of 7-MSI on C-ter100-induced TNF-α production in Raw 264.7 cells 12
3-3. Effect of 7-MSI on pro-inflammatory cytokines in Raw 264.7 cells 12
3-4. Effect of 7-MSI on C-ter100-induced IκB phosphorylation in Raw 264.7 cells 15
3-5. Inhibitory effects of NF-κB activation induced by LPS and C-ter100 by 7-MSI in Raw 264.7 cells 15
3-6. Effect of 7-MSI on MAP kinase in Raw 264.7 cells 18

4. 적 요 22

5. REFERENCES 24
Degree
Master
Publisher
조선대학교 대학원
Citation
한수연. (2022). Effect of 7-methylsulfonylheptyl isothiocyanate on inflammatory response induced by a Vibrio protease.
Type
Dissertation
URI
https://oak.chosun.ac.kr/handle/2020.oak/18568
http://chosun.dcollection.net/common/orgView/200000650340
Appears in Collections:
General Graduate School > 3. Theses(Master)
Authorize & License
  • AuthorizeOpen
  • Embargo2023-02-24
Files in This Item:

Items in Repository are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.