스마트그리드 환경에서 지능형 접근제어 서비스를 위한 보안 상황인식

Abstract

With the depletion of energy sources and the rising demand for electric power around the world, a concept called a smart grid has emerged to address challenges such as preventing global warming and reducing carbon emissions. The smart grid is an intelligent power technology developed by integrating ICT technology with existing power grid that is centralized and unidirectional with ‘generation-transmission-distribution-supply’ steps. It is a technology that induces consumers to voluntarily save energy and optimizes energy efficiency by enabling suppliers and consumers to exchange real-time energy usage information in a bidirectional way. Various latest ICT technologies such as Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), IoT, Home Network Area (HAN), cloud computing, etc., are being integrated for the smart grid.

With various smart grid technologies being developed and extended, various new security threats that did not occur in an existing environment can occur. With the use of bidirectional communication technology for interconnections between power systems and component equipment, targets of attack and threats are increased. System information and vulnerabilities are exposed to the outside due to the increased use of commercial hardware and software. Since there are numerous contact points between consumer sections and smart grid systems and is equipment physically distributed in a wide area, it is difficult to manage them and also various intrusion paths are allowed for attackers.

Since an attack on a power system can cause extensive damage at the national level, integrated and intelligent security technologies are required as a countermeasure against various and intelligent attacks. Security intrusion detection and countermeasure technologies for conventional power systems generally use pattern-based and behavior-based statistical methods. However, they cannot be a fundamental solution to increasingly intelligent and diversified security attacks.

In this paper, we first built a situation information ontology model based on security situation information of power systems in a smart grid environment with the aim of recognizing security situation for smart grid intelligent access control service. We then designed an intelligent security situation recognition model that can respond quickly by using security weakness of power systems and an inference engine, and proposed a method that can be applied in major power systems.