초등학교 구강보건교육 중재 효과에 관한 국내문헌 분석

Abstract

This study performed literature review to identify research trend on interventional study of oral health education on elementary school children and to propose improvement for efficient future study implementation. Studies on oral health education have begun to be reported since the 1970s. This study investigated papers published in Korean academic journals from the 1970s to July 2016, which included the terms ‘elementary’ or ‘oral health education’ in their titles or key words or presented the ‘effect’ or ‘evaluation’. Of 6,834 such papers, 19 theses were finally selected in this study through 3 rounds of manual processes including search-engine search and contents review. Study trend was identified based on literature structure consisting of study purpose, target, method, etc. and the mediated evaluation of oral health education and result evaluation were separately identified. The analysis results are as follows; First, concerning the study purpose of elementary school oral health education, 15 papers (78.9%), the largest number, were found to measure educational effect by identifying post-educational changes in oral health knowledge, attitude, behavior, DMF and mouth hygiene management ability. With respect to study subjects, 13 papers (68.4%), a dominating number, were found experiment group/control group studies in relation to oral health education, school oral health office operation and toothbrushing program provision. Survey was conducted as a study method to understand their knowledge, attitude and behavior. Dental exam was conducted to assess oral hygiene management ability. The period and frequency of measurement far varied in each study but the frequency was less than 4 times in total. Second, in the mediated evaluation of oral health education, lecturing and demonstration were found the educational methods in 17 papers (89.5%). Dentiform model, computer and audiovisual data (video, slide, OHP) were mainly used as media. Measurement tools were survey and dental exam. Main contents of identification were oral health knowledge, attitude, behavior, practice, DMF, and PHP index. 8 papers (42.1%) applied educational program. Based on these findings, suggestions are made for subsequent study on oral health education as follows; First, as part of the national oral health policy, form an educational development team with oral health education experts to develop standardized educational guidelines, media and educational program. Insert oral health education to health education class as a regular program to implement systemized education by oral health experts. Second, collect and analyze data based on a clear set of evaluation standards and tools and use well-grounded report guidelines in reporting. These suggestions above are expected to help provide opportunity for elementary school students to establish a desirable oral health attitude and habit in the field of oral health education and enhance their oral health ultimately.

Key words: Effect, Elementary school students, Evaluation, Oral health education